H-shaped steel is an economical cross-section profile with a cross-section shape similar to the capital Latin letter H. It is also called a universal steel beam, wide-edge (edge) I-beam, or parallel-edge (flange) I-beam. It is different from the one that has been used in China for a long time. Hot-rolled I-beam with narrow flange and inclined inner side. The section of section steel is usually divided into waist and edge, also known as web and flange. The inner and outer edges of the section steel are parallel or close to parallel, and the edge ends are at right angles, hence the name parallel-edge I-beam. Compared with ordinary I-beams with the same waist height, section steel has a smaller waist thickness and larger side width, so it is also called a wide-edge I-beam.
Determined by the shape characteristics, the section modulus, moment of inertia, and corresponding strength of section steel are significantly better than ordinary I-beams of the same unit weight. The most commonly used I-shaped section in actual engineering is the I-shaped steel, but the width of the I-shaped steel is narrow and the load-bearing performance is poor. The H-shaped steel, which is similar to its cross-section type, has a more reasonable and better cross-sectional shape configuration and is ideal for engineering applications. An economical cross-section profile product. According to the load-bearing characteristics in use, hot-rolled steel sections are divided into three series of beams, columns, and piles. In terms of steel structure engineering applications, the former is suitable for bending components such as steel beams, the column series is suitable for compression components such as steel columns, and the latter is suitable for building foundation construction. Hot-rolled steel is a steel material with excellent cross-section distribution and a better strength-to-weight ratio.
Compared with ordinary I-beams, hot-rolled section steel has the following significant product features:
①The inner and outer surfaces of the flange are parallel, and the flange end surface is straight, which facilitates mechanical processing, structural connection, and installation;
② The flange is wide the lateral stiffness is large, and its moment of inertia around the weak axis is generally more than – times larger;
③Strong bending, compression, and torsion resistance, generally increased by about 5~10%;
④The model and specification series are more than twice as many as those of I-beams, which greatly facilitates design selection and optimization.
H-shaped steel is used in metal structures with different requirements. Whether it is subjected to bending moment, pressure load, or eccentric load, it shows its superior performance. It can greatly improve the load-bearing capacity compared with ordinary I-shaped steel. Moreover, due to its wide sides and thin waist, various specifications, and flexible use, so it can save 10-40% of metal. Because the inner and outer sides are parallel and the edge ends are at right angles, it is easy to assemble and combine into various components, thus saving about 25% of the welding and riveting work, which can greatly speed up the construction speed of the project and shorten the construction period. Due to the aforementioned advantages, section steel has a wide range of applications, and its uses completely cover ordinary I-beams. Mainly used for various industrial and civil building structures; various large-span industrial plants and modern high-rise buildings, especially industrial plants in areas with frequent seismic activity and high-temperature working conditions; requiring large load-bearing capacity, good cross-sectional stability, and span Large and large bridges; heavy equipment; highways; ship frames; mine support; foundation treatment and dam engineering; various mechanical components. At present, reinforced concrete and brick-concrete structures are still widely used in construction projects in my country. In the end, a large number of scrapped concrete blocks cannot be recycled and are difficult to decompose. In the long-term development, this construction method causes great damage to the ecological environment. Hot-rolled section steel is used as the main structural material of building structures. Since the material can be completely recycled and reused, it has minimal impact on the environment. Therefore, hot-rolled section steel enjoys the reputation of “green building materials” in the field of construction steel structures.
The use of H-shaped steel has the following significant advantages:
①H-shaped steel can reduce the weight of steel structural parts such as buildings by 15~30%, and can reduce the weight of structural parts by 13~15% when used on bridges;
② When the load is the same, the amount of steel used can be saved by folding the H-shaped steel;
③ Using section steel to build buildings or projects can shorten the construction period by half compared to using reinforced concrete and reduce the impact of construction on the surrounding environment;
④ When constructing a building of the same area, using sectioned steel can increase the effective use area of the door by 6% compared with using reinforced concrete. When the span is the same, the height of the beam can be reduced. Therefore, when the clearance height is the same, the floor height can be reduced and the workload of the internal and external walls can be saved by about 3%. %;
⑤H-shaped steel can be split, cut, and assembled to process formed steel and honeycomb beams. Using it to replace ordinary steel sections such as angles and grooves to make roof trusses, supports and other components can save a lot of materials and reduce the weight of the structure;
⑥The dynamic load resistance of section steel is much higher than that of welded section steel and reinforced concrete. Its earthquake resistance and typhoon resistance are excellent, and it is more suitable for the construction of high-rise buildings, industrial plants, and long-span bridges;
⑦ Hot-rolled steel sections are rolled and formed by universal rolling mills. The cross-section dimensions are accurate and straight. Compared with welded steel sections, there are fewer welding and correction processes, which can save about 15~30% of the cost.
Therefore, the structural design of section steel as the main material of steel structures has been considered by industry experts as the future development trend. There are many product specifications of section steel, which are classified into the following categories:
① According to the product side width, it is divided into wide side, medium side, and narrow side steel. The side width b of the wide-side section steel is greater than or equal to the waist height h, the side width b of the medium-side section steel is greater than or equal to 1/2 of the waist height h, and the side width b of the narrow-side section steel is equal to or less than 1/2 of the waist height b.
② According to the purpose, they are divided into shaped steel beams, shaped steel columns, shaped steel piles, and thick-edged steel beams. Sometimes parallel leg channel steel and parallel side T-shaped steel are also included in section steel. – Generally, narrow-side steel is used as the beam material, and wide-side steel is used as the column material. Therefore, it is also called beam-shaped steel and column-shaped steel.
③ According to the production method, it is divided into welded steel and rolled steel.
④ According to size specifications, it is divided into large, medium, and small section steel. Generally, products with a waist height of 70m or more are called large sizes, products with a waist height of 00-700m are called medium sizes, and products with a waist height of less than 300m are called small sizes.
Post time: Jan-18-2024