The forging process generally consists of the following steps, namely, selecting high-quality steel billets for blanking, heating, forming, and cooling after forging. The forging process methods include free forging, die forging, and membrane forging. During production, different forging methods are selected according to the quality of the forgings and the size of the production batch.
Free forging has low productivity and a large machining allowance, but the tools are simple and versatile, so it is widely used for forging single pieces and small batch production forgings with relatively simple shapes. Free forging equipment includes air hammers, steam-air hammers, and hydraulic presses, which are suitable for the production of small, medium, and large forgings respectively. Die forging has high productivity, simple operation, and easy mechanization and automation. Die forgings have high dimensional accuracy, small machining allowances, and more reasonable fiber tissue distribution, which can further increase the service life of the parts.
Basic processes of free forging: During free forging, the shape of the forging is gradually forged from the blank through some basic deformation processes. The basic processes of free forging include upsetting, drawing, punching, bending, and cutting.
1. Upsetting Upsetting is an operation process of forging the original blank along the axial direction to reduce its height and increase its cross-section. This process is commonly used for forging gear blanks and other disc-shaped forgings. Upsetting is divided into two types: total upsetting and partial forging.
2. Drawing and drawing Drawing and drawing is a forging process that increases the length of the blank and reduces its cross-section. It is usually used to produce blanks for shaft parts, such as lathe spindles, connecting rods, etc.
3. Punching is a forging process in which a punch is used to punch out a through hole or a non-through hole in the blank.
4. Bending is a forging process that bends the blank into a certain angle or shape.
5. A forging process in which twisting causes one part of the blank to rotate at a certain angle relative to another part.
6. The forging process of cutting and dividing the blank or removing the head.
Post time: Apr-12-2024